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Need help understanding a power circuit (caps and diodes)



The Next CEO of Stack OverflowHelp with power-loss protection using capacitorLM7805 and Zener DiodesPower origin and power planes placement on PCBLayout of decoupling capacitorsBulk Capacitance and Inrush Current Limiting Diodes burn for PSU first stageNeed Help Understanding a Circuit (Atari 2600 XTAL Oscillator)Routing and placement of decoupling capacitor when using power planeWhy do some capacitors not have vents?switch mode power supply diodesUnderstanding how an audio amplifying circuit works










3












$begingroup$


I'm trying to repair an old electric piano (Baldwin Piano Pro EP101) and I've gotten advice to check out the filter caps in the power circuit. I've metered out the voltages and I found power where I didn't expect it. Please see image:



enter image description here



Power from transformer coming in the top. Pins "I" and "J" are ground on the bottom. I've mirrored the board so the traces match up with the components on the top side.



  1. Why do I find voltage on the (-) side of the black capacitor?

  2. Why is the (+) of the black capacitor going to ground?

  3. I think both of these capacitors are in series, but why is there ground in the middle of the two caps?

  4. Does it mean I have power coming in through the "M" pin at that bottom that shouldn't be? Or maybe one of the diodes at D9 and D10 (2nd and 3rd from the left) are bad and letting the power go the wrong way?

Am I on the right track? Should I just start pulling parts and testing them out of circuit? If you're interested in the overall problem, see the short youtube video here: Baldwin Piano Pro - Very loud noises










share|improve this question









New contributor




lopazopy is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.







$endgroup$







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    measure the voltage across the black capacitor ..... what do you get? ..... Why is the (+) of the black capacitor going to ground? because the negative terminal of the black capacitor is connected to a voltage that is more negative than ground
    $endgroup$
    – jsotola
    1 hour ago







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    I'm with @Transistor , Some details of that transformer are missing. Either those red & green transformer wires are connected somehow to the yellow transformer wires (perhaps inside the transformer), or there are other wires coming from the transformer not shown. You seem certain that I,J are ground...could there be a transformer connection to this point?
    $endgroup$
    – glen_geek
    1 hour ago










  • $begingroup$
    The overall problem looks like keyboard trouble.
    $endgroup$
    – AltAir
    1 hour ago










  • $begingroup$
    Measure Vdc across every part and Vac across the Caps. You should expect +Vdc across each cap and Vac<5%Vdc. Suspect any with 0V
    $endgroup$
    – Sunnyskyguy EE75
    1 hour ago















3












$begingroup$


I'm trying to repair an old electric piano (Baldwin Piano Pro EP101) and I've gotten advice to check out the filter caps in the power circuit. I've metered out the voltages and I found power where I didn't expect it. Please see image:



enter image description here



Power from transformer coming in the top. Pins "I" and "J" are ground on the bottom. I've mirrored the board so the traces match up with the components on the top side.



  1. Why do I find voltage on the (-) side of the black capacitor?

  2. Why is the (+) of the black capacitor going to ground?

  3. I think both of these capacitors are in series, but why is there ground in the middle of the two caps?

  4. Does it mean I have power coming in through the "M" pin at that bottom that shouldn't be? Or maybe one of the diodes at D9 and D10 (2nd and 3rd from the left) are bad and letting the power go the wrong way?

Am I on the right track? Should I just start pulling parts and testing them out of circuit? If you're interested in the overall problem, see the short youtube video here: Baldwin Piano Pro - Very loud noises










share|improve this question









New contributor




lopazopy is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.







$endgroup$







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    measure the voltage across the black capacitor ..... what do you get? ..... Why is the (+) of the black capacitor going to ground? because the negative terminal of the black capacitor is connected to a voltage that is more negative than ground
    $endgroup$
    – jsotola
    1 hour ago







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    I'm with @Transistor , Some details of that transformer are missing. Either those red & green transformer wires are connected somehow to the yellow transformer wires (perhaps inside the transformer), or there are other wires coming from the transformer not shown. You seem certain that I,J are ground...could there be a transformer connection to this point?
    $endgroup$
    – glen_geek
    1 hour ago










  • $begingroup$
    The overall problem looks like keyboard trouble.
    $endgroup$
    – AltAir
    1 hour ago










  • $begingroup$
    Measure Vdc across every part and Vac across the Caps. You should expect +Vdc across each cap and Vac<5%Vdc. Suspect any with 0V
    $endgroup$
    – Sunnyskyguy EE75
    1 hour ago













3












3








3





$begingroup$


I'm trying to repair an old electric piano (Baldwin Piano Pro EP101) and I've gotten advice to check out the filter caps in the power circuit. I've metered out the voltages and I found power where I didn't expect it. Please see image:



enter image description here



Power from transformer coming in the top. Pins "I" and "J" are ground on the bottom. I've mirrored the board so the traces match up with the components on the top side.



  1. Why do I find voltage on the (-) side of the black capacitor?

  2. Why is the (+) of the black capacitor going to ground?

  3. I think both of these capacitors are in series, but why is there ground in the middle of the two caps?

  4. Does it mean I have power coming in through the "M" pin at that bottom that shouldn't be? Or maybe one of the diodes at D9 and D10 (2nd and 3rd from the left) are bad and letting the power go the wrong way?

Am I on the right track? Should I just start pulling parts and testing them out of circuit? If you're interested in the overall problem, see the short youtube video here: Baldwin Piano Pro - Very loud noises










share|improve this question









New contributor




lopazopy is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.







$endgroup$




I'm trying to repair an old electric piano (Baldwin Piano Pro EP101) and I've gotten advice to check out the filter caps in the power circuit. I've metered out the voltages and I found power where I didn't expect it. Please see image:



enter image description here



Power from transformer coming in the top. Pins "I" and "J" are ground on the bottom. I've mirrored the board so the traces match up with the components on the top side.



  1. Why do I find voltage on the (-) side of the black capacitor?

  2. Why is the (+) of the black capacitor going to ground?

  3. I think both of these capacitors are in series, but why is there ground in the middle of the two caps?

  4. Does it mean I have power coming in through the "M" pin at that bottom that shouldn't be? Or maybe one of the diodes at D9 and D10 (2nd and 3rd from the left) are bad and letting the power go the wrong way?

Am I on the right track? Should I just start pulling parts and testing them out of circuit? If you're interested in the overall problem, see the short youtube video here: Baldwin Piano Pro - Very loud noises







power capacitor diodes






share|improve this question









New contributor




lopazopy is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.











share|improve this question









New contributor




lopazopy is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.









share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited 2 hours ago









Rev1.0

7,58043367




7,58043367






New contributor




lopazopy is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.









asked 2 hours ago









lopazopylopazopy

162




162




New contributor




lopazopy is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.





New contributor





lopazopy is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.






lopazopy is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    measure the voltage across the black capacitor ..... what do you get? ..... Why is the (+) of the black capacitor going to ground? because the negative terminal of the black capacitor is connected to a voltage that is more negative than ground
    $endgroup$
    – jsotola
    1 hour ago







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    I'm with @Transistor , Some details of that transformer are missing. Either those red & green transformer wires are connected somehow to the yellow transformer wires (perhaps inside the transformer), or there are other wires coming from the transformer not shown. You seem certain that I,J are ground...could there be a transformer connection to this point?
    $endgroup$
    – glen_geek
    1 hour ago










  • $begingroup$
    The overall problem looks like keyboard trouble.
    $endgroup$
    – AltAir
    1 hour ago










  • $begingroup$
    Measure Vdc across every part and Vac across the Caps. You should expect +Vdc across each cap and Vac<5%Vdc. Suspect any with 0V
    $endgroup$
    – Sunnyskyguy EE75
    1 hour ago












  • 1




    $begingroup$
    measure the voltage across the black capacitor ..... what do you get? ..... Why is the (+) of the black capacitor going to ground? because the negative terminal of the black capacitor is connected to a voltage that is more negative than ground
    $endgroup$
    – jsotola
    1 hour ago







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    I'm with @Transistor , Some details of that transformer are missing. Either those red & green transformer wires are connected somehow to the yellow transformer wires (perhaps inside the transformer), or there are other wires coming from the transformer not shown. You seem certain that I,J are ground...could there be a transformer connection to this point?
    $endgroup$
    – glen_geek
    1 hour ago










  • $begingroup$
    The overall problem looks like keyboard trouble.
    $endgroup$
    – AltAir
    1 hour ago










  • $begingroup$
    Measure Vdc across every part and Vac across the Caps. You should expect +Vdc across each cap and Vac<5%Vdc. Suspect any with 0V
    $endgroup$
    – Sunnyskyguy EE75
    1 hour ago







1




1




$begingroup$
measure the voltage across the black capacitor ..... what do you get? ..... Why is the (+) of the black capacitor going to ground? because the negative terminal of the black capacitor is connected to a voltage that is more negative than ground
$endgroup$
– jsotola
1 hour ago





$begingroup$
measure the voltage across the black capacitor ..... what do you get? ..... Why is the (+) of the black capacitor going to ground? because the negative terminal of the black capacitor is connected to a voltage that is more negative than ground
$endgroup$
– jsotola
1 hour ago





1




1




$begingroup$
I'm with @Transistor , Some details of that transformer are missing. Either those red & green transformer wires are connected somehow to the yellow transformer wires (perhaps inside the transformer), or there are other wires coming from the transformer not shown. You seem certain that I,J are ground...could there be a transformer connection to this point?
$endgroup$
– glen_geek
1 hour ago




$begingroup$
I'm with @Transistor , Some details of that transformer are missing. Either those red & green transformer wires are connected somehow to the yellow transformer wires (perhaps inside the transformer), or there are other wires coming from the transformer not shown. You seem certain that I,J are ground...could there be a transformer connection to this point?
$endgroup$
– glen_geek
1 hour ago












$begingroup$
The overall problem looks like keyboard trouble.
$endgroup$
– AltAir
1 hour ago




$begingroup$
The overall problem looks like keyboard trouble.
$endgroup$
– AltAir
1 hour ago












$begingroup$
Measure Vdc across every part and Vac across the Caps. You should expect +Vdc across each cap and Vac<5%Vdc. Suspect any with 0V
$endgroup$
– Sunnyskyguy EE75
1 hour ago




$begingroup$
Measure Vdc across every part and Vac across the Caps. You should expect +Vdc across each cap and Vac<5%Vdc. Suspect any with 0V
$endgroup$
– Sunnyskyguy EE75
1 hour ago










1 Answer
1






active

oldest

votes


















3












$begingroup$

+1 for mirroring the underside of the board. Best practice is to draw the schematic and mark up the measured voltages. You can add one in using the CircuitLab button on the editor toolbar. Double-click a component to edit its properties. 'R' = rotate, 'H' = horizontal flip. 'V' = vertical flip. I suspect that there's a transformer centre-tap connected somewhere other than the top of the board so try to draw that too.




Why do I find voltage on the (-) side of the black capacitor?




The circuits must require both positive and negative supplies with respect to ground. This is common in audio circuits.




Why is the (+) of the black capacitor going to ground?




So that correct polarity is maintained.




I think both of these capacitors are in series, but why is there ground in the middle of the two caps?




Time for a schematic.





schematic





simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



Figure 1. (a) A single-rail supply. (b) A split-rail supply giving both positive and voltage power outputs.




Does it mean I have power coming in through the "M" pin at that bottom that shouldn't be?
Or maybe one of the diodes at D9 and D10 (2nd and 3rd from the left) are bad and letting the power go the wrong way?




No. All is well in that regard.



Post a schematic as best you can and we'll update the answer.






share|improve this answer









$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    Sorry but your schematic here looks nothing like the board as all inputs go only to Anodes while an AC bridge input connects to one Anode and one Cathode on each input. But the caps are correct and there is no obvious 0V reference except may I,J which are paired.
    $endgroup$
    – Sunnyskyguy EE75
    1 hour ago










  • $begingroup$
    My Figure 1 isn't meant to be a board schematic. All the inputs go to anodes only. That's why I requested more details.
    $endgroup$
    – Transistor
    51 mins ago











Your Answer





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1 Answer
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active

oldest

votes








1 Answer
1






active

oldest

votes









active

oldest

votes






active

oldest

votes









3












$begingroup$

+1 for mirroring the underside of the board. Best practice is to draw the schematic and mark up the measured voltages. You can add one in using the CircuitLab button on the editor toolbar. Double-click a component to edit its properties. 'R' = rotate, 'H' = horizontal flip. 'V' = vertical flip. I suspect that there's a transformer centre-tap connected somewhere other than the top of the board so try to draw that too.




Why do I find voltage on the (-) side of the black capacitor?




The circuits must require both positive and negative supplies with respect to ground. This is common in audio circuits.




Why is the (+) of the black capacitor going to ground?




So that correct polarity is maintained.




I think both of these capacitors are in series, but why is there ground in the middle of the two caps?




Time for a schematic.





schematic





simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



Figure 1. (a) A single-rail supply. (b) A split-rail supply giving both positive and voltage power outputs.




Does it mean I have power coming in through the "M" pin at that bottom that shouldn't be?
Or maybe one of the diodes at D9 and D10 (2nd and 3rd from the left) are bad and letting the power go the wrong way?




No. All is well in that regard.



Post a schematic as best you can and we'll update the answer.






share|improve this answer









$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    Sorry but your schematic here looks nothing like the board as all inputs go only to Anodes while an AC bridge input connects to one Anode and one Cathode on each input. But the caps are correct and there is no obvious 0V reference except may I,J which are paired.
    $endgroup$
    – Sunnyskyguy EE75
    1 hour ago










  • $begingroup$
    My Figure 1 isn't meant to be a board schematic. All the inputs go to anodes only. That's why I requested more details.
    $endgroup$
    – Transistor
    51 mins ago















3












$begingroup$

+1 for mirroring the underside of the board. Best practice is to draw the schematic and mark up the measured voltages. You can add one in using the CircuitLab button on the editor toolbar. Double-click a component to edit its properties. 'R' = rotate, 'H' = horizontal flip. 'V' = vertical flip. I suspect that there's a transformer centre-tap connected somewhere other than the top of the board so try to draw that too.




Why do I find voltage on the (-) side of the black capacitor?




The circuits must require both positive and negative supplies with respect to ground. This is common in audio circuits.




Why is the (+) of the black capacitor going to ground?




So that correct polarity is maintained.




I think both of these capacitors are in series, but why is there ground in the middle of the two caps?




Time for a schematic.





schematic





simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



Figure 1. (a) A single-rail supply. (b) A split-rail supply giving both positive and voltage power outputs.




Does it mean I have power coming in through the "M" pin at that bottom that shouldn't be?
Or maybe one of the diodes at D9 and D10 (2nd and 3rd from the left) are bad and letting the power go the wrong way?




No. All is well in that regard.



Post a schematic as best you can and we'll update the answer.






share|improve this answer









$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    Sorry but your schematic here looks nothing like the board as all inputs go only to Anodes while an AC bridge input connects to one Anode and one Cathode on each input. But the caps are correct and there is no obvious 0V reference except may I,J which are paired.
    $endgroup$
    – Sunnyskyguy EE75
    1 hour ago










  • $begingroup$
    My Figure 1 isn't meant to be a board schematic. All the inputs go to anodes only. That's why I requested more details.
    $endgroup$
    – Transistor
    51 mins ago













3












3








3





$begingroup$

+1 for mirroring the underside of the board. Best practice is to draw the schematic and mark up the measured voltages. You can add one in using the CircuitLab button on the editor toolbar. Double-click a component to edit its properties. 'R' = rotate, 'H' = horizontal flip. 'V' = vertical flip. I suspect that there's a transformer centre-tap connected somewhere other than the top of the board so try to draw that too.




Why do I find voltage on the (-) side of the black capacitor?




The circuits must require both positive and negative supplies with respect to ground. This is common in audio circuits.




Why is the (+) of the black capacitor going to ground?




So that correct polarity is maintained.




I think both of these capacitors are in series, but why is there ground in the middle of the two caps?




Time for a schematic.





schematic





simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



Figure 1. (a) A single-rail supply. (b) A split-rail supply giving both positive and voltage power outputs.




Does it mean I have power coming in through the "M" pin at that bottom that shouldn't be?
Or maybe one of the diodes at D9 and D10 (2nd and 3rd from the left) are bad and letting the power go the wrong way?




No. All is well in that regard.



Post a schematic as best you can and we'll update the answer.






share|improve this answer









$endgroup$



+1 for mirroring the underside of the board. Best practice is to draw the schematic and mark up the measured voltages. You can add one in using the CircuitLab button on the editor toolbar. Double-click a component to edit its properties. 'R' = rotate, 'H' = horizontal flip. 'V' = vertical flip. I suspect that there's a transformer centre-tap connected somewhere other than the top of the board so try to draw that too.




Why do I find voltage on the (-) side of the black capacitor?




The circuits must require both positive and negative supplies with respect to ground. This is common in audio circuits.




Why is the (+) of the black capacitor going to ground?




So that correct polarity is maintained.




I think both of these capacitors are in series, but why is there ground in the middle of the two caps?




Time for a schematic.





schematic





simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



Figure 1. (a) A single-rail supply. (b) A split-rail supply giving both positive and voltage power outputs.




Does it mean I have power coming in through the "M" pin at that bottom that shouldn't be?
Or maybe one of the diodes at D9 and D10 (2nd and 3rd from the left) are bad and letting the power go the wrong way?




No. All is well in that regard.



Post a schematic as best you can and we'll update the answer.







share|improve this answer












share|improve this answer



share|improve this answer










answered 1 hour ago









TransistorTransistor

87.8k785189




87.8k785189











  • $begingroup$
    Sorry but your schematic here looks nothing like the board as all inputs go only to Anodes while an AC bridge input connects to one Anode and one Cathode on each input. But the caps are correct and there is no obvious 0V reference except may I,J which are paired.
    $endgroup$
    – Sunnyskyguy EE75
    1 hour ago










  • $begingroup$
    My Figure 1 isn't meant to be a board schematic. All the inputs go to anodes only. That's why I requested more details.
    $endgroup$
    – Transistor
    51 mins ago
















  • $begingroup$
    Sorry but your schematic here looks nothing like the board as all inputs go only to Anodes while an AC bridge input connects to one Anode and one Cathode on each input. But the caps are correct and there is no obvious 0V reference except may I,J which are paired.
    $endgroup$
    – Sunnyskyguy EE75
    1 hour ago










  • $begingroup$
    My Figure 1 isn't meant to be a board schematic. All the inputs go to anodes only. That's why I requested more details.
    $endgroup$
    – Transistor
    51 mins ago















$begingroup$
Sorry but your schematic here looks nothing like the board as all inputs go only to Anodes while an AC bridge input connects to one Anode and one Cathode on each input. But the caps are correct and there is no obvious 0V reference except may I,J which are paired.
$endgroup$
– Sunnyskyguy EE75
1 hour ago




$begingroup$
Sorry but your schematic here looks nothing like the board as all inputs go only to Anodes while an AC bridge input connects to one Anode and one Cathode on each input. But the caps are correct and there is no obvious 0V reference except may I,J which are paired.
$endgroup$
– Sunnyskyguy EE75
1 hour ago












$begingroup$
My Figure 1 isn't meant to be a board schematic. All the inputs go to anodes only. That's why I requested more details.
$endgroup$
– Transistor
51 mins ago




$begingroup$
My Figure 1 isn't meant to be a board schematic. All the inputs go to anodes only. That's why I requested more details.
$endgroup$
– Transistor
51 mins ago










lopazopy is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.









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Valle di Casies Indice Geografia fisica | Origini del nome | Storia | Società | Amministrazione | Sport | Note | Bibliografia | Voci correlate | Altri progetti | Collegamenti esterni | Menu di navigazione46°46′N 12°11′E / 46.766667°N 12.183333°E46.766667; 12.183333 (Valle di Casies)46°46′N 12°11′E / 46.766667°N 12.183333°E46.766667; 12.183333 (Valle di Casies)Sito istituzionaleAstat Censimento della popolazione 2011 - Determinazione della consistenza dei tre gruppi linguistici della Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano-Alto Adige - giugno 2012Numeri e fattiValle di CasiesDato IstatTabella dei gradi/giorno dei Comuni italiani raggruppati per Regione e Provincia26 agosto 1993, n. 412Heraldry of the World: GsiesStatistiche I.StatValCasies.comWikimedia CommonsWikimedia CommonsValle di CasiesSito ufficialeValle di CasiesMM14870458910042978-6