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Rahvaste Ühendus


SuurbritanniakolooniadBriti impeeriumi18871926Balfouri deklaratsioonigametropoldominioonidKanadaAustraaliaUus-MeremaaLõuna-Aafrika LiitIirimaa1931Westminsteri statuudigaNamiibia19201990Lõuna-Aafrika VabariigiKamerun1995MosambiigilRwandalPortugaliSaksaBelgiaPakistanIirimaa1949Zimbabwe2003GambiaMaldiividAdenBirmaprotektoraatemandaatalasidAraabia ÜhendemiraadidBahreinEgiptusIisraelIraakJordaaniaKatarKuveitOmaanSudaanUSARahvuslik kogutoodangUSA dollaritElizabeth IIRahvaste Ühenduse mängudolümpiamängeAntigua ja BarbudaAustraaliaBahamaBangladeshBarbadosBelizeBotswanaBruneiDominicaFidžiGhanaGrenadaGuyanaIndiaJamaicaKamerunKanadaKeeniaKiribatiKüprosLesothoLõuna-Aafrika VabariikMalaisiaMalawiMaldiividMaltaMauritiusMosambiikNamiibiaNauruNigeeriaPakistanPaapua Uus-GuineaRwandaSaalomoni SaaredSaint Kitts ja NevisSaint LuciaSaint Vincent ja GrenadiinidSambiaSamoaSeišellidSierra LeoneSingapurSri LankaSuurbritanniaSvaasimaaTansaaniaTongaTrinidad ja TobagoTuvaluUgandaUus-MeremaaVanuatu










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Rahvaste Ühendus




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Rahvaste Ühendusse kuuluvad riigid.


Rahvaste Ühendus (varem Briti Rahvaste Ühendus) on riikide ühendus, millesse kuulub 2017. aasta seisuga 52 riiki. Neist enamik on endised Suurbritannia kolooniad.


Rahvaste Ühendus hakkas kujunema Briti impeeriumi nõrgenedes. Alates 1887. aastast hakkasid impeeriumi liikmesalade peaministrid korrapäraselt kokku saama. 1926. aastal vastu võetud Balfouri deklaratsiooniga on Suurbritannia (metropol ehk emamaa) ja kõik tema dominioonid (Kanada, Austraalia, Uus-Meremaa, Lõuna-Aafrika Liit ja Iirimaa) võrdsed, ilma et ühelgi oleks teiste üle mingit võimu. Formaalselt astus see jõusse 1931 Westminsteri statuudiga.


Mõned riigid on Rahvaste Ühendusse tulnud ka väljastpoolt Briti impeeriumi. Namiibia oli 1920. aastast kuni iseseisvumiseni 1990 Lõuna-Aafrika Vabariigi kontrolli all. Kamerun kuulub Rahvaste Ühendusse alates 1995, ehkki Briti impeeriumi kuulus sellest ainult pisike osa. Mosambiigil ja Rwandal ei ole aga olnud seost Briti Impeeriumiga: Mosambiik oli Portugali asumaa ja Rwanda Saksa koloonia ja Belgia usaldusterritoorium.


Mitu riiki on oma liikmestaatuse ühenduses peatanud või koguni ühendusest lahkunud, ent pärast tagasi tulnud (Pakistan koguni korduvalt). Ainult Iirimaa (1949), Zimbabwe (2003), Gambia ja Maldiivid on liikmeskonnast lahkunud ega ole naasnud.


Hulk Briti impeeriumi alla kuulunud territooriume ei ole pärast iseseisvumist kunagi kuulunud Rahvaste Ühendusse. Need on kaks kolooniat (Aden ja Birma ning hulk protektoraate ja mandaatalasid: Araabia Ühendemiraadid, Bahrein, Egiptus, Iisrael, Iraak, Jordaania, Katar, Kuveit, Omaan ja Sudaan. Ka USA, mis lõi Briti impeeriumist lahku juba 1783. aastal, ei ole Rahvaste Ühendusega liitunud.


Rahvaste Ühendusse kuulub ligi 2 miljardit inimest ehk 31% maailma rahvastikust. Rahvuslik kogutoodang on 7,8 triljonit USA dollarit ehk 16% maailma majandusest. Rahvaste Ühenduse pindala on 21% maailma maismaast.


Ühenduse juht on Suurbritannia kuninganna Elizabeth II; see tiitel ei tähenda aga mingisugust võimu liikmesriikide üle.


Rahvaste Ühenduse mängud on osalejate arvu poolest maailma suurim spordiüritus pärast olümpiamänge.



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Rahvaste Ühenduse maad


Antigua ja Barbuda · Austraalia · Bahama · Bangladesh · Barbados · Belize · Botswana · Brunei · Dominica · Fidži · Ghana · Grenada · Guyana · India · Jamaica · Kamerun · Kanada · Keenia · Kiribati · Küpros · Lesotho · Lõuna-Aafrika Vabariik · Malaisia · Malawi · Maldiivid · Malta · Mauritius · Mosambiik · Namiibia · Nauru · Nigeeria · Pakistan · Paapua Uus-Guinea · Rwanda · Saalomoni Saared · Saint Kitts ja Nevis · Saint Lucia · Saint Vincent ja Grenadiinid · Sambia · Samoa · Seišellid · Sierra Leone · Singapur · Sri Lanka · Suurbritannia · Svaasimaa · Tansaania · Tonga · Trinidad ja Tobago · Tuvalu · Uganda · Uus-Meremaa · Vanuatu













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