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Sequence of Tenses: Translating the subjunctive


Help finding the use of the subjunctiveMemento quod <subjunctive>Does using quippe in a relative clause require conjunctive?What is the optative?Can a subjunctive verb ever be modified by οὐ? (Greek)“..so that others may live”, future subjunctive?Passive Subjunctive Translated as ActiveWhich adverbs of possibility and probability warrant the subjunctive?When to use cum + subjunctive and when cum + indicativeReflexive Pronouns & Indirect StatementsAccusative in genitive relative clause with verb finiebat













2















This is probably a pretty basic question, but I am new to Latin and am having trouble understanding the subjunctive.



The sentence "Pūgnāverō ut nautam superem" is translated to "I shall have fought in order that I may overcome the sailor" (according to my textbook). I understand that pūgnāverō is active, indicative, future perfect, first person, singular, which so far I would have believed to be translated as "I will have fought (already)." I am confused because my book uses the word "shall," which to me signals that it is subjunctive.



My questions are:



  • Am I misunderstanding the way "shall" is used?

  • Is this something that only occurs in clauses of purpose, i.e., is this occurring because "superem" is subjunctive?

There is a similar post here, but I feel it does not answer my question.










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    2















    This is probably a pretty basic question, but I am new to Latin and am having trouble understanding the subjunctive.



    The sentence "Pūgnāverō ut nautam superem" is translated to "I shall have fought in order that I may overcome the sailor" (according to my textbook). I understand that pūgnāverō is active, indicative, future perfect, first person, singular, which so far I would have believed to be translated as "I will have fought (already)." I am confused because my book uses the word "shall," which to me signals that it is subjunctive.



    My questions are:



    • Am I misunderstanding the way "shall" is used?

    • Is this something that only occurs in clauses of purpose, i.e., is this occurring because "superem" is subjunctive?

    There is a similar post here, but I feel it does not answer my question.










    share|improve this question







    New contributor




    Kevin Miller is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
    Check out our Code of Conduct.






















      2












      2








      2








      This is probably a pretty basic question, but I am new to Latin and am having trouble understanding the subjunctive.



      The sentence "Pūgnāverō ut nautam superem" is translated to "I shall have fought in order that I may overcome the sailor" (according to my textbook). I understand that pūgnāverō is active, indicative, future perfect, first person, singular, which so far I would have believed to be translated as "I will have fought (already)." I am confused because my book uses the word "shall," which to me signals that it is subjunctive.



      My questions are:



      • Am I misunderstanding the way "shall" is used?

      • Is this something that only occurs in clauses of purpose, i.e., is this occurring because "superem" is subjunctive?

      There is a similar post here, but I feel it does not answer my question.










      share|improve this question







      New contributor




      Kevin Miller is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
      Check out our Code of Conduct.












      This is probably a pretty basic question, but I am new to Latin and am having trouble understanding the subjunctive.



      The sentence "Pūgnāverō ut nautam superem" is translated to "I shall have fought in order that I may overcome the sailor" (according to my textbook). I understand that pūgnāverō is active, indicative, future perfect, first person, singular, which so far I would have believed to be translated as "I will have fought (already)." I am confused because my book uses the word "shall," which to me signals that it is subjunctive.



      My questions are:



      • Am I misunderstanding the way "shall" is used?

      • Is this something that only occurs in clauses of purpose, i.e., is this occurring because "superem" is subjunctive?

      There is a similar post here, but I feel it does not answer my question.







      coniunctivus purpose-clause






      share|improve this question







      New contributor




      Kevin Miller is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
      Check out our Code of Conduct.











      share|improve this question







      New contributor




      Kevin Miller is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
      Check out our Code of Conduct.









      share|improve this question




      share|improve this question






      New contributor




      Kevin Miller is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
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      asked 2 hours ago









      Kevin MillerKevin Miller

      1284




      1284




      New contributor




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      New contributor





      Kevin Miller is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
      Check out our Code of Conduct.






      Kevin Miller is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
      Check out our Code of Conduct.




















          2 Answers
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          3














          You're misunderstanding 'shall.' The traditional convention ('rule') in English is that 'shall' is used with first person subjects (I/we) to form the future and future perfect tenses, whereas 'will' is used for second person (you) and third person (he/she/it/they).* Your textbook is clearly following this convention. The fact that there's also a purpose clause in the sentence has nothing to do with it.



          * (Except in emphatic utterances, where the future expresses strong determination to do something; in such cases, 'will' is traditionally used for the first person, 'shall' for the second and third persons.)






          share|improve this answer

























          • I had no idea this was a normal convention. Thanks!

            – Kevin Miller
            1 hour ago


















          2














          The future-perfect is a primary tense for something that has still to be completed; "already" would refer to the past. This is a purpose/ final clause therefore, after ut, the present subjunctive is deployed--superem.






          share|improve this answer






















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            2 Answers
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            active

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            2 Answers
            2






            active

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            active

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            active

            oldest

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            3














            You're misunderstanding 'shall.' The traditional convention ('rule') in English is that 'shall' is used with first person subjects (I/we) to form the future and future perfect tenses, whereas 'will' is used for second person (you) and third person (he/she/it/they).* Your textbook is clearly following this convention. The fact that there's also a purpose clause in the sentence has nothing to do with it.



            * (Except in emphatic utterances, where the future expresses strong determination to do something; in such cases, 'will' is traditionally used for the first person, 'shall' for the second and third persons.)






            share|improve this answer

























            • I had no idea this was a normal convention. Thanks!

              – Kevin Miller
              1 hour ago















            3














            You're misunderstanding 'shall.' The traditional convention ('rule') in English is that 'shall' is used with first person subjects (I/we) to form the future and future perfect tenses, whereas 'will' is used for second person (you) and third person (he/she/it/they).* Your textbook is clearly following this convention. The fact that there's also a purpose clause in the sentence has nothing to do with it.



            * (Except in emphatic utterances, where the future expresses strong determination to do something; in such cases, 'will' is traditionally used for the first person, 'shall' for the second and third persons.)






            share|improve this answer

























            • I had no idea this was a normal convention. Thanks!

              – Kevin Miller
              1 hour ago













            3












            3








            3







            You're misunderstanding 'shall.' The traditional convention ('rule') in English is that 'shall' is used with first person subjects (I/we) to form the future and future perfect tenses, whereas 'will' is used for second person (you) and third person (he/she/it/they).* Your textbook is clearly following this convention. The fact that there's also a purpose clause in the sentence has nothing to do with it.



            * (Except in emphatic utterances, where the future expresses strong determination to do something; in such cases, 'will' is traditionally used for the first person, 'shall' for the second and third persons.)






            share|improve this answer















            You're misunderstanding 'shall.' The traditional convention ('rule') in English is that 'shall' is used with first person subjects (I/we) to form the future and future perfect tenses, whereas 'will' is used for second person (you) and third person (he/she/it/they).* Your textbook is clearly following this convention. The fact that there's also a purpose clause in the sentence has nothing to do with it.



            * (Except in emphatic utterances, where the future expresses strong determination to do something; in such cases, 'will' is traditionally used for the first person, 'shall' for the second and third persons.)







            share|improve this answer














            share|improve this answer



            share|improve this answer








            edited 1 hour ago

























            answered 2 hours ago









            cnreadcnread

            8,90711124




            8,90711124












            • I had no idea this was a normal convention. Thanks!

              – Kevin Miller
              1 hour ago

















            • I had no idea this was a normal convention. Thanks!

              – Kevin Miller
              1 hour ago
















            I had no idea this was a normal convention. Thanks!

            – Kevin Miller
            1 hour ago





            I had no idea this was a normal convention. Thanks!

            – Kevin Miller
            1 hour ago











            2














            The future-perfect is a primary tense for something that has still to be completed; "already" would refer to the past. This is a purpose/ final clause therefore, after ut, the present subjunctive is deployed--superem.






            share|improve this answer



























              2














              The future-perfect is a primary tense for something that has still to be completed; "already" would refer to the past. This is a purpose/ final clause therefore, after ut, the present subjunctive is deployed--superem.






              share|improve this answer

























                2












                2








                2







                The future-perfect is a primary tense for something that has still to be completed; "already" would refer to the past. This is a purpose/ final clause therefore, after ut, the present subjunctive is deployed--superem.






                share|improve this answer













                The future-perfect is a primary tense for something that has still to be completed; "already" would refer to the past. This is a purpose/ final clause therefore, after ut, the present subjunctive is deployed--superem.







                share|improve this answer












                share|improve this answer



                share|improve this answer










                answered 1 hour ago









                tonytony

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