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Multi tool use
Multi tool use

Pobloù an Henamzer


HenamzerMor BaltelromanTacitus98Mor BaltelLituaniaPrusia ar ReterKaliningradLoc'h ar Vistulalituaneghenbrusegloc'hlennGermanedfinnek-ougrekSuebiEnez Vreizhyezh keltiekFenniFinnedCassiodorusJordanesVIvet kantvedAlfred VeurAdam BremenXIvet kantvedestonegsagaoùskandinavek












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An Aesti pe Aestii a oa ur bobl en Henamzer hag a oa o chom er reter d'ar Mor Baltel. Meneget e voent gant an istorour roman Tacitus en e levr Germania (war-dro ar bloavezh 98). Hervez Tacitus e oa Aestui, bro an Aesti, un tu bennak er reter da vro ar Suiones (e Sveden), war ribl ar Mor Baltel. Diwar an displegadennoù-se e c'haller soñjal e oant oc'h ober o annez er pezh a voe Lituania ha Prusia ar Reter diwezhatoc'h (rannvro Kaliningrad hiziv).




Kartenn eus an Impalaeriezh Roman, ma weler anvioù ar pobloù anavezet d’ar c’houlz-se.


Gouzout a reer ivez e reer Aistmarės eus Loc'h ar Vistula e lituaneg hiziv, hag Aīstinmari e oa en henbruseg, un anv hag a zle bezañ savet diwar Aesti ha mari ("loc'h" pe "lenn").[1] Da lavaret eo e oa "loc'h an Aestii" anv kozh al ledennad dour-se.


Hervez ar pezh a zo bet dastumet gant an enklaskerien e c'hallomp soñjal e oa an Aesti ur bobl kar d'ar pobloù baltek, evel an Henbrused, da lavaret eo ne oant na Germaned, evel ar Brusianed, nag ur bobl finnek-ougrek, evel Estoniz bremañ. Kontañ a ra Tacitus en e skrid e oa o sevenadur ur meskaj etre hini ar Gelted ha hini ar C'hermaned : disklêriañ a ra e oa ganto "an hevelep boazioù ha kustumoù" evel "ar Suebi" (d'ar mare-se e talveze ar ger-se da envel an holl bobloù german eus ar reter), met o yezh a oa heñvel ouzh hini tud Enez Vreizh (da lavaret eo ur yezh keltiek ha n'eo ket ur yezh c'hermanek evel hini ar Suebi). Hogen gouzout a raer e rae Tacitus, alies, anv eus traoù en doa klevet gant tud all, traoù kontet dezhañ ha n'eo ket traoù bet gwelet gantañ war-eeun.


Ar pezh a gont Tacitus diwar-benn lidoù an Aesti a azeule ur vamm-doueez a glot a-walc’h gant ar pezh a ouzomp diwar-benn relijion bagan ar pobloù baltek gwechall.[2] Menegiñ a ra ivez ar Fenni a oa amezeien d'an Aesti ha gouzout a reomp e oa ar Fenni hendadoù ar Finned.


War-lerc'h Tacitus ez eus bet tud all oc'h ober anv eus an Aesti en o skridoù, evel Cassiodorus (war-dro 485 – war-dro 585), Jordanes (VIvet kantved), Alfred Veur, roue Wessex, pe Adam Bremen, ur c’hronikour alaman eus an XIvet kantved.


En estoneg modern e reer Eesti eus "Estonia". Anavezet e oa ar vro-se evel Estia pe Hestia e testennoù latin kozh, hag Eistland er sagaoù skandinavek kozh. Gwechall e rae Estoniz gant ar ger Maarahvas evit ober anv anezho o-unan, ur ger hag a dalvez kement ha "tud eus ar vro". Ne ouzer ket gwall vat petra eo orin ar gerîoù Aesti hag Eesti met kar int.



Notennoù |



  1. ↑ Mikkels Klussis, Dictionary of Revived Prussian: Prussian - English, English - Prussian, Vilnius 2005–06, p. 47.


  2. ↑ Lang, Valter. The Bronze And Early Iron Ages In Estonia, Estonian Archaeology 3. University of Tartu Press, Tartu. 2007. [1]









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