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Rhode Island Pilte | Vaata ka | Välislingid | Navigeerimismenüü41° 41′ N, 71° 28′ WRhode Islandi osariigi ametlik kodulehtr

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Ameerika Ühendriikide osariigidRhode Island


Ameerika Ühendriikideosariik1790Atlandi ookeaniUus-InglismaaMassachusettsigaConnecticutigaBristoli maakondKenti maakondNewporti maakondProvidence'i maakondWashingtoni maakondProvidenceWarwickCranstonPawtucketNewportRoger Williams1636William CodingtonJohn ClarkeSamuel Gortonkolmeteistkümnest kolooniastUSA konstitutsiooni29. mail1790rannikumadalikJerimoth Hill










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Rhode Island




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Disambig gray.svg See artikkel räägib USA osariigist; osariigile nime andnud saare kohta vaata artiklit Aquidnecki saar.

Rhode Islandi ja Providence Plantationsi osariik
inglise State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations

Rhode Islandi osariigi pitsat
Rhode Islandi osariigi pitsat

Rhode Islandi osariigi lipp
Rhode Islandi lipp

Pindala: 3144 km²
Elanikke: 1 052 567 (2010)
Pealinn: Providence


Rhode Island osariigi asendikaart

Rhode Island on Ameerika Ühendriikide osariik 1790. aastast alates. Asub Atlandi ookeani rannikul, kuulub Uus-Inglismaa regiooni ja on pindalalt USA väikseim osariik. Põhjas ja läänes piirneb Massachusettsiga, idas Connecticutiga ning lõunas Atlandi ookeaniga. Osariigi pindalast kolmandiku moodustab vesi (1295 km2).


Osariik jaguneb halduslikult 5 maakonnaks: Bristoli maakond, Kenti maakond, Newporti maakond, Providence'i maakond, Washingtoni maakond. Kuigi osariigist üle poole on metsa all, on osariik vägagi urbaniseerunud ning on elanike tiheduselt USA-s teine (2238 in/km2). Osariigi pealinn ja suurim linn on Providence; teised olulisemad linnad on Warwick, Cranston, Pawtucket ja Newport.


Rhode Islandi koloonia rajas inglise teoloog Roger Williams (1603–1683) 1636. aastal, kui ta Massachusettsi Bay puritaanidest juhtide poolt tema "uute ja ohtlike vaadete" levitamise eest kolooniast pagendati. Seepeale rajas ta Providence'i koloonia väikesele maa-alale Narragansetti neeme tipus, mille talle annetasid Narragansetti ja Pequoti indiaanihõimud. 1638. aastal saabusid Williamsi nõusolekul kohalikelt indiaanlastelt ostetud Aquidnecki saarele teised religioossed dissidendid. William ja Anne Hutchinson rajasid seal Portsmouthi asula. Saare lõunaosas rajasid aga William Codington ja John Clarke 1639. aastal eraldi Newporti asula. 1644. aastal ühinesid Providence, Portsmouth ja Newport – Rhode Islandi ja Providence'i Istanduste Kolooniaks, ning said Inglismaa Pikalt parlamendilt selleks märtsis 1644 harta. 1648. aastal liitus kolooniaga Warwick, mille rajas Samuel Gorton 1642. aastal indiaanlastelt ostetud maale.


Rhode Islandi koloonia oli võrreldes naabruses olevate väga puritaanlike Connecticuti, Massachusettsi Lahe ja Plymouthi kolooniatega oma aja kohta väga uuenduslik – koloonias oli usuvabadus, ning nõiaprotsessid, võlgade eest vangistamine ja surmanuhtlus enamiku kuritegude eest olid keelatud.


Rhode Island oli esimene algsest kolmeteistkümnest kolooniast ja nendest viimane, kes ratifitseeris USA konstitutsiooni. Rhode Islandist sai USA osariik 29. mail 1790.


Enamik osariigi ida- ja lõunaosast on rannikumadalik, kõrgendikud jäävad loodeosasse. Kõrgeim punkt on Jerimoth Hill kõrgusega 248 meetrit üle merepinna.



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